On Relations between the Dynamic Choice Constructs and the Stable Semantics

نویسندگان

  • Françoise Gire
  • H. Khanh Hoang
چکیده

It is well-known that in the presence of an order on the database domain the class DB-Ptime of the (deterministic) queries that are computable in polynomial time is exactly captured by the family of the Fixpoint Queries. However in the general case the existence of a language which exactly captures the DB-Ptime class remains still open.The introduction of non-deterministic constructs in query languages can be seen as an attempt to solve this problem in the case of unordered domain. Among the different proposals, the Dynamic Choice Construct proposed in [6] provides to the Datalog choice programs an expressive power equivalent to NDB-Ptime. However the semantics of this choice construct is inherently operational and the choice models associated by this semantics to each choice program P are some stable models of the so-called stable version of P but not all these stable models. In this paper we give a syntactic construction which associates to each choice program P a program with negation Pst whose stable models exactly coincide with the choice models of P. So through this syntactic construction we give to the dynamic choice construct a model theoretical basis which was lacking before. Furthermore our construction provides a class of programs with negation (the so translated Datalog with dynamic choice programs) which together with the stable semantics exactly coincides with NDB-Ptime. Résumé Il est bien connu qu'en présence d'un ordre sur le domaine, le langage First Order + Fixpoint permet d'exprimer exactement la classe DB-Ptime des requêtes calculables en temps polynomial. Dans le cas général cependant, l'existence d'un langage capturant exactement DB-Ptime reste un problème ouvert. L'introduction de constructions non-déterministes dans les langages de requêtes peut être vue comme une tentative de résoudre ce problème dans le cas des domaines non ordonnés. Parmi les différentes propositions faites, le Choix Dynamique proposé dans [6] munit la classe des programmes Datalog avec Choix d'une puissance d'expression lui permettant de capturer exactement la classe NDB-Ptime. Cependant la sémantique associée au Choix Dynamique est essentiellement opérationnelle. Selon cette sémantique les modèles de choix associés à un programme Datalog avec Choix, P, sont certains modèles stables d'un programme avec négation SV(P), appelé Version Stable de P; ces modèles ne coincident cependant pas avec tous les modèles stables de SV(P). Dans ce papier nous donnons une construction syntaxique qui associe à chaque programme Datalog avec Choix, P, un programme avec négation, Pst, dont l'ensemble des modèles stables coincide exactement avec l'ensemble des modèles de choix de P. Par cette construction syntaxique nous donnons ainsi une base déclarative au Choix Dynamique. Notre construction met de plus en évidence une classe de programmes avec négation (les programmes Datalog avec Choix ainsi transformés) qui, interprétés selon la sémantique stable, ont une puissance d'expression exactement égale à NDB-Ptime. Mots clés Langages de requêtes, programmes Datalog, constructeurs de choix, non-déterminisme, sémantique stable, complexité.

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تاریخ انتشار 1995